The Australian Energy Regulator (AER) is an independent authority responsible for regulating wholesale and retail energy markets, as well as energy networks, under national energy legislation and rules. Its role is closely linked to the history and evolution of the National Electricity Market (NEM), making it important to understand the broader governance and market context in which the AER operates.
At the same time, Southeast Asian countries are navigating a complex energy landscape. Rapidly rising electricity demand, the integration of renewable energy sources, and shifting market dynamics are placing pressure on systems to maintain electricity security and reliability. In response, there is growing momentum for regional cooperation to strengthen energy connectivity and accelerate progress toward an integrated ASEAN Power Grid.
This brief provides an overview of the Australian National Electricity Market, the key governance institutions, and the evolving role of the AER. It also offers insights relevant to Southeast Asia, highlighting potential lessons and approaches that may inform regional efforts to enhance energy market design, regulatory frameworks, and cross-border collaboration.
